A Case Study Of Mental Health Essays

A Case Study Of Mental Health Essays A Case Study Of Mental Health Essay A Case Study Of Mental Health Essay Mental health has become a significant planetary activity. It influences 450 million individuals and one of every four of us will suffer from mental sick health at some clasp in our lives ( WHO, 2001 ) . Emotional wellness is utilized decidedly to bespeak an area of mental prosperity, adversely to bespeak its antonym ( as in mental health employments ) or indirectly to bespeak establishments utilized by, or forced upon, individuals with mental wellbeing occupations ( as in mental wellbeing administrations ) . During the nineteenth century, all patients were confirmed under frenzy Torahs. That is, the State just made commissariats for the control of lunacy. The fledgeling calling of psychopathology ( this term was principal utilized in Britain in 1858 ) was independently distracted with isolating and overseeing madmans. With the outgrowth of the First World War, fighters started to hinder down with shellshock now called post awful accentuation upset . Starting here on, psychopathology expanded its lawful force from lunacy to variants of unsteadiness incited by accentuation or injury. In the twentieth century, increasingly unnatural mental areas went in close vicinity to its lawful force, for example, those because of liquor and medication abuse and character occupations. Today, mental wellbeing administrations might be offered to, or be forced upon, individuals with this wide extent of occupations, in spite of the fact that lunacy or extreme mental unwellness despite everything catches a l arge portion of the going to of professionals.Another aspects of the term mental health employments is that a few people, disparaging of mental terminology, object of logical or consistent confirmations to impressions like mental unwellness or mental surprise . In the 1983 Act and equivalent Scots rule law mental unwellness is non characterized. Nonetheless, Article 3 ( 1 ) of the Northern Ireland Order indicates it as a territory of head which influences an individual s thought, seeing, feeling or assessment to the degree that he requires consideration or clinical intercession in his ain inclusions of others . Neither the Scots nor Northern Ireland definitions incorporate psychopathologic bombshell and there has late been some treatment with regards to reappraisal of the Mental Health Act about taking it in England and Wales. Issues refering mental health have been brought well up in the awareness of lawmakers, the media, and the masses. Besides, the weight of mental miracle is viewed non simply as an if non the-boss reason for human wretchedness, yet as a significant deterrent to cultural and monetary developing. Estimation of the mature ages of conceivable life lost and the mature ages of gainful life lost through mental sick health could make 15 % all things considered and perishes all around by 2020 ( WHO, 1999 ) . A farther component of imbalances in the clear graduated table of mental health occupations is race. Race is dubious to determine. Familial separations between gatherings of universes ( other dependent on sex ) have little observational balance. Racial separations emerged from anthropological tests completed by colonized autochthonal individuals. Notwithstanding, as a result of colonization, the cultural distinction of these individuals got existent for them and others. In the United States dark patients are overrepresented in mental foundations, and have gotten dynamically so over the after war time frame. This has unconventionally been the occasion inside area mental clinics, where minority bunches comprise 35 percent of the hospital populace, and are able to higher paces of permission and readmission. In a reappraisal of eight epidemiological surveies led in the United States between the late 1950 s and mid-1970 s, Kessler and Neighbors ( 1986 ) found that among people with low wages individuals of color displayed essentially more hurt than white individuals. They guaranteed, thus, that race is an of import autonomous variable in finding the likeliness of a single going intellectually debilitated. There is some distinction over what to do of this grounds. Cockerham ( 1990 ) keeps up that the heft of surveies on the frequency and circulation of mental health employments recommend that race is non an autonomous variable: race totally does non hope to deliver higher paces of mental bombshell for particular gatherings . Or maybe, it is on the grounds that increasingly individuals of color are in the lower cultural examples that they will in general show more signs of mental hurt. Others, by and by, oppose this idea. Halpern ( 1993 ) contends that minority position can be shown to result in a tendency towards mental occupations. Likewise with sex, a figure of surveies have been led bespeaking that racial partiality exists in the examination, diagnosing and mediation of mental wellbeing occupations. It has been found, for representation, that white healers all around evaluated their dark customers as being more mentally disabled than blacked healers. Patients who are uncooperative, imperiling or slanderous are bound to be analyzed as being intellectually sick in the event that they have minority position. In curious, it has been discovered that being dark will in general increment the chances of an individual being analyzed as being schizophrenic ( Wade, 1993 ) . Certain gatherings, for example, individuals of Afro-Caribbean starting will in general be more probable than Whites to have psychotherapeutics. Minority bunches have demonstrated less ready to do use of network based administrations. This is somewhat on the grounds that they have come up short on the assets to partake in the advancement of network consideration, and incompletely due to the lack of inclusion in or anxiety of the particular social requests of minority bunches when set uping administrations ( Wade, 1993 ) . The term Afro-Caribbean alludes to individuals of color who either still live in Caribbean or who moved to Britain. England is an ex-pioneer power, which subjugated and coercively moved African individuals. Afro-Caribbean individuals have higher paces of diagnosing for schizophrenic issue yet lower rates for discouragement and implosion than autochthonal Whites. An unsolved contention about over-portrayal is whether it is existent ( dark and Irish individuals are touchy all the more oftentimes ) or whether it is a guide of misdiagnosis. The data of Irish individuals feature why the emphasiss of bigotry, in light of on skin shading material, are non an equivalent record of contrasts in mental wellbeing position. Despite the fact that Afro-Caribbean individuals are powerless against psychosis, commonness paces of all symptomatic classs are higher than for the autochthonal ( non-Irish ) whites in Britain. What are the findings of looking into these two ex-colonized gatherings for our worry of the connection among race and mental wellbeing? The primary point to underscore is that given the white covering of the Irish, bigotry dependent on skin shading material might be a stressor yet is non one that represents racial contrasts in mental health. A second point is that while the two gatherings are post-pioneer extras of constrained movement, the fortunes for each were extraordinary. Third, the fortunes of relocation to Great Britain were comparable somehow or another however non others. Work chances administered populace movement in each. Fourth, as ex-colonized, Afro-Caribbeans and the Irish have been intermittently disparaged and dismissed. A confirmation of this point is that these gatherings are other than over-spoke to in the jail populace, non only in nonvoluntary specializer mental wellbeing administrations. Fifth, and following the old point, whatever the causal records for over- portrayal, the racial preference implies that these gatherings are lopsidedly managed by master mental wellbeing administrations. As the last are ruled by pressure, this outcome can be thought of as a signifier of auxiliary detriment for these gatherings. The requests, issues and worries of dark and minority social individuals ( BME ) with mental wellbeing occupations have been pushed to the bow of the national health strategy agenda ( Department of Health, 1999 ; Department of Health, 2005 ) . England is a multi-social society where the per centum of the populace that is from minority bunches is consistently expanding. In 2001 minority bunches included seven percent of the populace, with a fixation in London and other inside city nations. BME people group possess exceptional spots of disservice in the United Kingdom. Imbalances are reflected over all files of financial and cultural well-being.They all things considered have higher paces of joblessness, live in more unfortunate housing, report less fortunate health, have lower degrees of scholastic achievement and higher paces of rejection from schools. The awful however significant marker for BME people group was the expire of David Bennett while being limited by nursing staff on a medium secure ward. After a since quite a while ago run by his family unit, a free enquiry study reasoned that the NHS mental wellbeing administrations are institutionally bigot ( Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire SHA, 2003 ) . The specialists later distributed an activity program for Delivering Race Equality ( Department of Health,2005 ) . This program has three structure obstructs: to grow progressively proper and antiphonal administrations, to gracefully better quality data on the psychological health requests of BME, to advance more noteworthy network fight in the arranging and bringing of mental wellbeing administrations. DRE centers around authoritative adjustment, however neglects to value the heterogeneousness inside the BME populace, and the perplexing extent of singularities and examples it contains.It other than neglects to value that the di sparities in mental health for individuals of color exist inside a more extensive chronicled and cutting edge setting of cultural and financial inequalit

Egyptian Art: Sakhmet

The paleontologist arrived at this resolution dependent on symbolic representation tests at Gaza, which demonstrated clear and profound cuts in diorite and rock. Sesames is an Egyptian, African sun goddess whose name meaner â€Å"The Powerful One†. Sesames ruled over Egypt from 1390-1352 B. C. E. It's said she was known to have consistently been hung in red pieces of clothing consequently another of her numerous monikers was â€Å"Red Lady'. The imagery of her red pieces of clothing, were from the blood of her vanquished foes. Her name is gotten from the Egyptian word â€Å"Seem† (which meaner â€Å"power† or â€Å"might†) and is regularly interpreted as the â€Å"Powerful One†.She is delineated as a lion-headed lady, some of the time with the expansion of a sun circle on her head. Her situated sculptures give her holding the ankh of life, however when she is demonstrated striding or standing she generally holds a staff framed from papyrus (the ima ge of northern or Lower Egypt) recommending that she was related principally with the north. In any case, a few researchers contend that the divinity was presented from Sudan (south of Egypt) where lions are progressively copious. It was said that her breath framed the desert. She was viewed as the defender of the bother and drove them in warfare.Sesames was related with the goddesses given the title â€Å"Eye of Re† she wore a sun-circle and cobra on her temple, recognizing her as the little girl of the sun god Re. As per legend, Ra lost control since humanity was not observing his laws and protecting Matt Justice or parity). He chose to rebuff humanity by sending a part of his little girl, the â€Å"Eye of Ra†. He culled Hath from Areas on his temple, and sent her to earth as a lion. She became Scheme, the â€Å"Eye of Re† and started her frenzy. The fields ran with human burden. Nonetheless, Re was not a remorseless god, and seeing the savagery made him repen t.He requested her to stop, yet she was in a blood desire and would not tune in. So Re poured 7,000 Jugs of brew and pomegranate Juice (which recolored the lager crimson) in her way. She glutted on the â€Å"blood† and turned out to be so flushed she dozed for three days. At the point when she got up, her blood desire had disseminated, and humankind was spared. In another variant of the legend, Path is the primary thing she sees on stirring and she right away became hopelessly enamored with him. Their association (creation and annihilation) made Unfetter (mending) thus restored Matt. The sparing of humanity was honored each year on the banquet day of Hath/Scheme.Everyone drank lager recolored with pomegranate Juice and revered â€Å"the Mistress and woman of the burial place, generous one, destroyer of resistance, compelling one of enchantments†. A sculpture of Scheme was wearing red confronting west, while Bass was wearing green and confronted east. Bass was now and t hen viewed as Sesames ‘s partner (or twin contingent upon the legend), and in the celebration of Hath they epitomized the duality fundamental to Egyptian folklore. Plan spoke to Upper Egypt while Bass spoke to Lower Egypt. In her job as the eye of Re, Sesames was dispatched abroad to annihilate Egypt enemies.Sesames became incensed when she found Re set another goddess in her place while she was away. The Eye wouldn't return and ensure Egypt, until placated by wine, music, and move. The Egyptians clarified the sun's yearly movement toward the south and afterward back to Egypt as the Eye's flight and return. In other myth's, Re's Eye represented regular wonders, for example, the Niles flood and the Egyptian new year. In spite of the fact that Kismet's actual structure was accepted to be covered up, this present bust's lioness face alludes to her capacity and savage nature, which could either safeguard or destroy.The goddess' kindness and security were considered especially impo rtant now and again of change, for example, the new day or year. Severed Ill appointed at least two Sesames sculptures for every day in the year, convincing the goddess' kindness and assurance. Numerous sculptures of Sesames were found in the area of Mute Kara. Since Kismet's activities were essentially ruinous while Mute spoke to assurance, the two goddesses were at times insider as the positive and negative parts of one deity.In end, my excursion to the Brooklyn Museum of craftsmanship was not my first, nor will it be my last, however it was the most engaging and educational outing. Next time I go I will bring a few companions along so they can appreciate the rich Egyptian culture as much as I did. This is a sculpture of Sesames. Medium: Grandiosity Place Found: Thebes, Egypt Dates: ca. 1390-1352 B. C. E. Tradition: XVIII Dynasty Period: New Kingdom Dimensions: 39 x 19 7/8 x 15 9/16 TN. (99 x 50. 5 x 39. 5 CM)

My Career Essays

My Career Essays My Career Essay My Career Essay Right now, this is the way open to me. I Am at present a Care Assistant for which I required no proper capabilities to be, in any case, a NVQ level 2 or what might be compared to would mean I am qualified for a higher pace of pay.The following stage is the Senior Carer, In request to apply you should have, or be reading for, your NVQ level 3 or proportional thereof. The Staff Handbook and Greensleeves site has this data. After the Senior Carer, the organization has now and again, utilized a Senior Supervisor. The capabilities required for this are equivalent to the Senior Carer however is for those individuals who are attempting to make a vocation in the consideration business and are given a more office relax job than a Senior would have.It isn't generally a place that is being used, the Home director has the alternative to select somebody for this job. They would be relied upon to take a functioning part in the preparation of staff and help out with the overseeing of the home on an a lot more significant level than the Seniors do. * right now, the following stage is to get your NVQ Level 5 (or equal) and go after the job of * Deputy Manager, right now there is one delegate however soon, with the development of our home there will be a subsequent Deputy to help the manager.With the extension comes the likelihood that we will end up being a nursing home and should that emerge, the home administrator has prompted me that the Company may think about getting individuals from staff through Nursing College to get their RGN status and their PIN. Should this happen then that would be a choice and should I go that way it might open up another entire road of potential however until further notice, I incorporate just with the end goal of a total picture. * Finally the keep going spot I have on my way is the Registered Home Manager.This position is commonly given to the individuals who have an a Level 5 (in any event) and quite a long while experience inside the Care Industry. I trust one day to arrive at this level yet it’s far off and I may change my vocation designs later on to perhaps fan out to do preparing or Nursing so I remembered it for my way yet what's to come is consistently moving and I have not investigated this to an extreme yet the Home Manager is glad to talk about the prerequisites when and on the off chance that I ask him.

Business-to-Business Messages Essay Example for Free

Business-to-Business Messages Essay Correspondence is the procedure; through which sender passes on their messages to collector. The correspondence can be in type of words, signals, voice sounds and different images or signs. The correspondence procedure can't be conceivable with no medium. In the correspondence procedure senders and recipients both are the gatherings in question. Aside from this correspondence procedure likewise needs the innovation, instruments and Channels. All the component of the correspondence procedure ought to be in the best possible grouping for viable and proper correspondence Process. In the event that any piece of correspondence process is twisted or broken, the sender and beneficiary won't have a typical comprehension of the message (Daft, 2004). The correspondence model remembers some component for this succession, for example, a situation of correspondence, a sender, message, innovation (Channels), commotions (the mental, social and basic hindrances), a beneficiary and the input of recipient. The correspondence model has the channel through which the message is transmitted. There are two sorts of the channels: verbal and non-verbal. Verbal correspondence alludes to the oral or composed methods transmitting importance through words. Non-verbal correspondence doesnt use words and includes signals. In current time, there are numerous mechanical stations for correspondence, for example, electronic mail, intranets, texting, fax, phone and different types of PC interceded correspondence channels (Mcshane, VonGlinow Sharma, 2006). Business to business correspondence process incorporates the correspondence between two business substances, wherein the one business element play out the job of a sender and other one play out the job of a beneficiary. As it were, Business to Business Communication depicts the correspondence between organizations, for example, between a maker and an entire merchant or between an entire dealer and a retailer. All other component of Business to Business correspondence process is subject to the earth and the motivation behind the correspondence. Business to Business correspondence procedure would viable. On the off chance that the earth of Business to Business is fitting and propose of correspondence is likewise solid and compelling (Guffey Almonte, 2009). Business to Business Messages Business to Business correspondence process is an interior procedure to create relationship with the different business associations, merchants, providers and so forth. In this serious scene, the Business to Business correspondence process is fundamental for client unwaveringness to secure against the contender, representative inspiration, brand insurance or creation the mindfulness among the client (Business-to-Business Communication, n. d. ). Business to Business Message of William Brother Corporation The William Brother Corporation is an American organization. The organization is known for its quality metal entryways. The organization as of late propelled the new items lightweight gypsum roof get to board, convenient fire quencher stands, rooftop brings forth and floor hatches. The organization speaks with their entire dealers and retailer to make the mindfulness about the item highlights, quality and the cost. The organization likewise illuminates about arrangements, terms and limited time plans of the new items. Resulting to the conversation of the companys message now, I will investigate the message as follows: Purpose: The reason for this message of the organization is to make the mindfulness about the new propelled results of the organization between the entire merchants and retailers. The organization gives the all specialized data about the new item. Sender: Here, the sender is the organization supervisory group. Collector: Here, beneficiaries are the entire dealers and retailer of the organization. Condition: nature of this correspondence procedure is the inner and outer condition. Innovation: In this informing, the innovation utilized is composed correspondence, oral correspondence and web innovation. Clamor: In this message, commotion can be framed by the traffic of web and other site, which can straightforwardly influence the conveyance of message. Also, as it is a composed and oral message, the clamor variables can be absence of trepidation of language and data by the entire dealers and retailers (Mcshane, VonGlinow Sharma, 2006). Input: The Feedback of the entire merchants and retailers is that they comprehend about the new item highlights and they concede to the organization approaches and terms. They will help the organization for advancement of the new propelled item. The strategy for the innovation utilized is the suitable of the organization. The oral and composed correspondence would make the simple comprehension about the item and the web is most ideal approach to pass on the message of the organization. The message ought to the suitable, in light of the fact that the message gives the all data about the item and the organization objective. Business to Business Message of KFC Corporation KFC Corporation situated in Louisville, Kentucky, is the universes most well known chicken café network. There are numerous stores of KFC that work on the planet. For dealing with the all stores of organization, the organization speaks with their various stores supervisory group through the informing by the email and web innovation (KFC Corporation, 2010). In this message of the organization, they had conveyed, that organization makes the some quality gauges and approaches for their food, which ought to keep up by the all stores of the organization. These arrangements and the quality principles help to keep up the trust among the clients. Ensuing to the conversation of the companys message now I will dissect the message as follows: Purpose: Here, the reason for this message of the organization is to make mindfulness about the strategies and quality gauges and ought to keep up these quality standard to the administration of the stores which are arranged in everywhere throughout the world. Sender: The sender is the organization the executives. Collector: The recipient is the stores the executives of the organization. Condition: Here, the earth of this utilized correspondence process is outside condition. Innovation: In message, the innovation utilized is composed correspondence and the web innovation by the organization. Commotion: In the informing, clamor can be shaped as the message disappointment through the web. In the composed message the commotion can be shaped as the absence of misgiving of language by the administration of organization stores (Mcshane, VonGlinow Sharma, 2006). Criticism: The input of the collector is that they will be keep up the quality standard of the food item and embrace the organization approaches. The organization utilized innovation, the composed correspondence and the web innovation to make the mindfulness about their approaches and the quality norms among their stores the board. This would compelling for the organization. Business to Business Message of Honda Motor Company Honda Motor Company is one of the biggest car organizations on the planet. There has the huge product offering of the organization on the planet advertise. Honda Civic vehicle is one of the well known results of the organization. In the as of late there has a specialized issue created in the Honda municipal vehicles fuel siphon. For the arrangement of this issue the organization takes a few activities. The organization has sent the message to their approved vendors to take care of this issue by moving toward the clients, who has the Honda metro (Honda Motor Corporation, 2010). Resulting to the conversation of the companys message now we will break down the message as follows: Purpose: Here the motivation behind the message of organization is to make mindfulness among the vendors about the item issue and to take care of that specialized issue of the clients item. Sender: The Sender is the specialized division of the organization. Collector: The approved vendors of the organization. Condition: Here the earth of the correspondence is the outside condition. Innovation: The Company speaks with the composed messages and the web innovation. Commotion: In the informing, clamor can be framed as the message disappointment through web and commotion can shaped as composed message delay. Input: The criticism from the seller was that they will take care of this issue of the item when. The innovation of the message is the acceptable. Both the vehicle of the message is the proficient and reach at the opportune time. Message reason for existing is the proper and effectively justifiable by the sellers.

How to Start a Scholarship Essay - Scholarship Essay Examples For Writers

How to Start a Scholarship Essay - Scholarship Essay Examples For WritersWhile many students are advised to employ essay examples, a significant number of these writers tend to overlook the importance of how to start a scholarship essay. Instead, they succumb to the tyranny of using examples as a means of demonstrating a certain level of experience, knowledge or abilities.There are a number of great places on the internet where scholarship essay examples can be found. In addition, there are a number of firms that provide the writers with these examples. What this means is that it is entirely possible to obtain a massive collection of examples that are written in various subject areas, at the tip of several topics, and from various viewpoints.If you are attempting to research an essay, this is one of the most effective resources that you can take advantage of. If you want to understand how to start a scholarship essay, however, you should consider the benefits of using the examples th at are provided. The truth is that they will help you learn exactly how to begin.For example, you can utilize online essay services for sample essays as well as for other subjects, such as resumes and case studies. With this information, you can have examples ready to use as you apply for your scholarships and grants. The most vital part of all is that you should learn the basic guidelines of how to start a scholarship essay.If you are writing your personal essays, the best place to find examples is on the internet. Even if you are applying for a scholarship in an academic environment, you should find some examples in order to get a better idea of what is required.What you should do is locate a number of websites that offer online essay samples. From these samples, you can then decide which of the subjects you are interested in. When youhave made your decision, you can begin writing on the particular topic that you feel best matches your personality.Remember that a very important th ing to remember about how to start a scholarship essay is to avoid plagiarism. In order to improve your chances of being selected for a scholarship, it is vital that you properly research the topic. This means that you should not write off the idea of plagiarism.It is important to remember that if you want to be able to write an essay that is worthy of being considered for a scholarship, then you must follow the basic guidelines as to how to start a scholarship essay. If you follow this advice, you will not only have a much higher chance of receiving a scholarship, but you will also have a much higher chance of winning a scholarship that you would otherwise never have been eligible for.

The First Step to Mastering the Test Knowing How to Self-Assess

"I didn’t know I knew it" Part of standardized test preparation is not only knowing the content of the exam, but also being able to self-assess why you're getting a question incorrect. In this blog post, one of our most experienced standardized test preparation tutors reviews how he buckets content knowledge when teaching standardized tests, and how it will help you improve your results in the future! "I didn’t know I knew it" The first thing I look for when going over test results with my new students is when they missed a problem simply because they didn’t realize what the question was asking or were unsure how to use what they already knew. For example, here are the misinterpretations of math questions that one of my students experienced during her first take: On a problem about percent reduction, she didn’t notice the clue word, â€Å"about† in the question, and so she didn’t realize that she could round the given number into a value easier to reduce. On a problem about perimeter of two soccer fields, she didn’t know what â€Å"not adjacent† meant, i.e., that the two fields didn’t share a side and so had to be measured separately. "I almost knew it" The next step is to cover content that feels partially but not completely familiar. One student knew how to do one-step algebraic equations, such as 2x = 8 but was unfamiliar with algebraic inequalities, such as 2x 8. On a problem requiring translation of a complex English sentence into math, one of my students didn’t realize that â€Å"of† meant that he should multiply two numbers together. This is a perfect example of an â€Å"I know part of it† problem, because he knew how to calculate a percent of a number, e.g., 30% of 100, he knew how to find a fraction of a number, e.g.,  ¼ of 12, and he knew how to solve for x, e.g, 5x = 15. He found it overwhelming, however, to see all of this presented in a single question, particularly when asked to take a percent of a variable: â€Å"30% of  ¼ x is equal to â…“ of 27. What is the value of x?† Our approach was to translate the English into math in pieces, focusing first on the multiplication indicated by the first â€Å"of.† "Now I know it" Entirely new content doesn’t have to be complex, either. A student might not know that zero multiplied by anything is zero. A simple intuitive explanation returns to the rows that I use when teaching multiplication. Four rows of eight chocolates in a chocolate box adds up to 32 chocolates. One row adds up to just eight, and zero rows of eight chocolates adds up to zero. Even learning the Pythagorean theorem for the first time isn’t particularly difficult for a student who know how to square numbers. Cycling through topics Any given session will probably incorporate two or three of these content areas. The homework I assign focuses primarily on these mid-level, â€Å"almost knew it† topics, includes a quick review of the easiest topics, and provides a very circumscribed review of the topics learned for the first time during our session. It’s important to weave old content into subsequent sessions for review. High scores depend as much, if not more, on remembering what has been learned as on learning new content. Fortunately, a good book tends to have increasing levels of complexity within each topic area, e.g., one-step followed by two-step equations, which are followed by systems of equations. This allows the earlier skills to be drawn upon when solving increasingly complex problems in subsequent weeks. Rather than assign all the algebra content across three consecutive weeks, I’d choose to assign easier content across two or three areas after the first week and then move onto int ermediate and ultimately advanced content in subsequent weeks. Students will likely perform at different levels across different content areas, and we can’t practice every area each week, but I find that consistent review of multiple areas helps keep students up to speed for test day. Are you interested in connecting with a standardized test preparation tutor in Boston, New York, or online? ; Want to read more on the subject? 7 Key Strategies to Boost your Score on the GRE from a Master The Universal Standardized Test Taking Strategy: Know the Policy The Key to Undergraduate Success: Unlocking Your Course Syllabus

The Great Gatsby Quotes and Analysis

The following quotes from  The Great Gatsby  by F. Scott Fitzgerald are some of the most recognizable lines in American literature. The novel, which follows the pursuit of pleasure by the wealthy elites of the New York Jazz Age, deals with themes of love, idealism, nostalgia, and illusion. In the quotes that follow, well analyze how Fitzgerald conveys these themes. â€Å"I hope shell be a fool – thats the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.†Ã‚  (Chapter 1) Daisy Buchanan is talking about her young daughter when she makes this seemingly-unfeeling statement. In reality, this quote demonstrates a rare moment of sensitivity and self-awareness for Daisy. Her words show a deep understanding of the world around her, particularly the idea that society rewards women for being foolish rather than smart and ambitious. This statement adds greater depth to Daisys character, suggesting that perhaps her lifestyle is an active choice rather than the result of a frivolous mindset. â€Å"It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come across four or five times in life. It faced – or seemed to face – the whole eternal world for an instant, and then concentrated on you with an irresistible prejudice in your favor. It understood you just as far as you wanted to be understood, believed in you as you would like to believe in yourself, and assured you that it had precisely the impression of you that, at your best, you hoped to convey.†Ã‚  (Chapter 3) The novel’s narrator, young salesman Nick Carraway, describes Jay Gatsby thusly when he first encounters the man in person. In this description, focused on Gatsby’s particular manner of smiling, he captures Gatsby’s easy, assured, almost magnetic charisma. A huge part of Gatsby’s appeal is his ability to make anyone feel like the most important person in the room. This quality mirrors Nick’s own early perceptions of Gatsby: feeling unusually lucky to be his friend, when so many others never even meet him in person. However, this passage also  foreshadows  Gatsby’s showmanship and ability to put on whatever mask someone wants to see. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. (Chapter 3) Although  The Great Gatsby  is often held up as a celebration of Jazz Age culture, it’s actually the opposite, often  critiquing the era’s  carefree hedonism. Fitzgerald’s language here captures the beautiful but impermanent nature of the wealthy’s lifestyle. Like moths, they’re always attracted to whatever the brightest light happens to be, flitting away when something else grabs their attention. Stars, champagne, and whisperings are all romantic but temporary and, ultimately, useless. Everything about their lives is very beautiful and full of sparkle and shine, but disappears when the harsh light of day—or reality—appears.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"No amount of fire or freshness can challenge what a man will store up in his ghostly heart.† (Chapter 5) As Nick reflects on Gatsby’s opinion of Daisy, he realizes how much Gatsby has built her up in his mind, so much so that no real person could ever live up to the fantasy. After meeting and being separated from Daisy, Gatsby spent years idealizing and romanticizing his memory of her, turning her into more illusion than woman. By the time they meet again, Daisy has grown and changed; she is a real and flawed human who could never measure up to Gatsby’s image of her. Gatsby continues to love Daisy, but whether he loves the real Daisy or simply the fantasy he believes her to be remains unclear. â€Å"Can’t repeat the past?†¦Why of course you can!†Ã‚  (Chapter 6) If there’s one statement that sums up Gatsby’s entire philosophy, this is it. Throughout his adult life, Gatsby’s goal has been to recapture the past. Specifically, he longs to recapture the past romance he had with Daisy. Nick, the realist, tries to point out that recapturing the past is impossible, but Gatsby utterly rejects that idea. Instead, he believes that money is the key to happiness, reasoning that if you have enough money, you can make even the wildest dreams come true. We see this belief in action with Gatsbys wild parties, thrown just to attract Daisy’s attention, and his insistence on rekindling his affair with her. Notably, however, Gatsbys entire identity stemmed from his initial attempt to escape his poor background, which is what motivated him to create the persona of Jay Gatsby. â€Å"So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.†Ã‚  (Chapter 9) This sentence is the final line of the novel, and one of the most famous lines in all of literature. By this point, Nick, the narrator, has become disillusioned with Gatsbys hedonistic displays of wealth. He has seen how Gatsby’s fruitless, desperate quest—to escape his past identity and recapture his past romance with Daisy—destroyed him. Ultimately, no amount of money or time was enough to win Daisy, and none of the novels characters were able to escape the limitations imposed by their own pasts. This final statement serves as a commentary on the very concept of  the American dream, which claims that anyone can be anything, if only they work hard enough. With this sentence, the novel seems to suggest that such hard work will prove futile, because the â€Å"currents† of nature or society will always push one back towards the past.

Human Development In The Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams Free Essay Example, 750 words

ï » ¿Human Development In The Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie produced in 1944 and authored by Tennessee Williams depicts psychological aspects of human development. The play highlights the experience of Tom, a young man who despite his small age supports his family when the father abandoned them. In addition, the play also introduces Tom’s sister who is shy and crippled character. She is introvert from reality based on her obsession with glass animals (Smith 1). Notably, the hardships depicted in the play create depression for the family. However, they remain united and focus on helping one another. The paper provides a psychological critique of the play. Particular emphasis is on the themes and motifs of the Glass Menagerie. The play tries to justify that complete and happy families should have the support of the male’s household heads. Amanda’s family has no father as he abandoned them. They try to find happiness they do not have and end up living in fear and neglects. Therefore, Tom takes the responsibility to take care of the family despite his small age. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Development In The Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The new roles affect his psychological development. Tom’s parental duties at a tender age deprive him of his prime youth experience. Human development is a process, and everyone should enjoy every stage of his or her life thus, psychological mismatch evidence in Tom’s boredom in family issues. Glass Menagerie emphasizes roles of parents in child development. However, the play illustrates strictness and decision making on behalf of kids as positive attributes of a good mother. Amanda is strict on Tom and Laura. She expresses her desire for Laura to have a right date and asks for Tom’s assistance but quickly becomes angry that she dropped out of typing class because of shyness. In psychological perspectives, parents should understand the strengths and weaknesses of their children and help them to overcome the challenges. Amanda’s approach is worse and only serves to humiliate Laura. She also offers little assistance to enable Laura overcome shyness. Amanda is a character who does not tolerate mistakes among her children. Thus, she engages in every aspect of their lives with the notion of providing the moral support. Nonetheless, she portrays qualities of a mother who is overprotective. Her approach is not a healthy approach to parenting because she provides little time for the Tom and Laura to explore the world and establish their desires. Her actions are evident when she asks Tom to introduce Laura to a friend. Jim disappoints Laura making Amanda yell at Tom. She is the cause of her daughter’s heartbreak, and reason Tom left their home (Bloom 72). Nurturing requires a mother who understands psychological developments of the children and empowers them. The mother should also be a refuge for the children in hardships. However, she does the opposite. Human cognitive and mental development is a gradual process. The play primarily Laura’s approach to things depicts the society’s wrong perception of disability. The society stamps into them the idea that they are vulnerable and always need the assistance of others. However, schools offer opportunities for growth and interactions. Likewise, people should select their mates based on sound knowledge of oneself. Relationships are healthy, but only with the right kind of persons. Laura is so shy that she drops out of school (Williams 59). Furthermore, she loved Jim but never expressed her emotions until Tom introduced them. She ends up heartbroken because of her fear and her unaggressive nature. Women have the obligation to make informed decisions on matters pertinent to them. A happy life involves accepting the realities of life and working towards improving them. Reality provides the comfort and enhances a healthy living. Nonetheless, the play illustrates that every member of Wingfield family has difficulty of accepting their fate. They prefer a world illusion to try to find support that is lacking in the real world. However, the family structure should be a source of consolation for every member. The family members should understand one another and offer the psychological support. Amanda, Laura, and Tom are each in a separate world with diverse interests. They do not seem to coordinate as a family unit even though they live together. The family is structure provides no space for personal development and escape. Every activity performed by a family member should be in line with family values and practices. Tom illustrates this wrong belief at the beginning of scene four when he entertains Laura with a story of a magic show whereby a magician escaped fr om a coffin. In cognitive aspects, narration shows the belief that Tom perceives his family as a coffin. He feels the family suffocates and limits his chances of development. In conclusion, the play illustrates real struggles and endurances that most parents undergo in different circumstances. However, it fails to consider the psychological aspects of development and strengths of families. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Tennessee Williams's the Glass Menagerie. New York, NY: Bloom's Literary Criticism, 2007. Print. Smith, Nicole. "Analysis and Plot Summary of â€Å"The Glass Menagerie† by Tennessee Williams. " 7 December 2011. Article Myriad. internet. 19 March 2015. Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. New York: New Directions, 2011. Print.

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Philosophy of the Mind - 2347 Words

The Philosophy of Mind Introduction The philosophy of body and mind has been a highly debated topic since its launch in the 17th centaury by Rene Descartes. Since then, many philosophers have written on the subject matter and many theories have emerged as a product of this lively debate. In this essay, I will analyze and critique a selection of philosophers who ponder on the body-mind topic since the 17th century, and ultimately evaluate Paul M. Chruchland’s claim that folk psychology should be eliminated and replaced by completed neuroscience. For the purpose of this essay it is important to set the defying parameters of folk psychology, as there are 3 working definitions of folk psychology†¦show more content†¦For instance, a dry sensation in the throat would indicate thirst and a grumbling sensation in the stomach hunger etc. Lastly, the following quote makes an interesting connection to a recent discovery: â€Å"I am now awake, and see some truth; but since my vision is not yet clear enough, I will deliberately fall asleep so that my dreams may provide a true and clearer representation.† (Cottingham, 223). Here Descartes’ view of the mind over the body is evident but a connection could also be made to an interesting scientific discovery, Dimethyltryptamine (DMT). DMT is a hormone in the brain, only secreted during birth, dreams, and death. Besides its presence in the brain, DMT is also found in plants. Doctor Rick Strassman researched DMT extensively throughout the late 1900’s and even applied it to test subjects to observe results. He found that the secretion of DMT causes a state where one’s connection to reality as we know it, the physical laws of nature, are abandoned completely, a state of being where one is confronted by the unconscious mind. â€Å"DMT allows contact with dark matter or parallel universes, Strassman argues that DMT must have provided an adaptive advantage to our ancestors in allowing access to alternate states of consciousness and thus perhaps greater problem-solving abilities and greater creativity.†(Flores 2002). Being qua being perhaps, asShow MoreRelatedThe Philosophy Of Mind And The Body1646 Words   |  7 PagesPhilosophy of mind had come across when philosophers had an idea of the concepts regarding the human mind and its mysteries. 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Anyone can deduce principles and devise practices that enhance andRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Mind By Paul Churchland1327 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy of Mind In contemporary philosophy of mind, talk of perception has fallen out of favour. Indeed most writers to deny perception altogether, or claim that they do not matter. Instead they reduce perception to reality, or speak of the â€Å"really real.† Perception are said to be â€Å"nothing but† particles or waves or structured brain events. â€Å"Always already† â€Å"Nothing but† matter and motion. One influential philosopher of mind, Paul Churchland in his book The Engine of Reason, The Seat of the SoulRead MoreA Study on Leibnizs Philosophy of Mind696 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to Liebniz, perception and consciousness cannot possibly be explained mechanically, and, hence, could not be physical processes, (Kulstad, 2007). 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I willRead More Transcendentalism: The Philosophy Of The Mind Essay example1046 Words   |  5 PagesTranscendentalism: The Philosophy of the Mind nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Transcendentalism is the view that the basic truth of the universe lies beyond the knowledge obtained from the senses, a knowledge that transcendentalists regard as the mere appearance of things (Adventures 162). Transcendentalists believe the mind is where ideas are formed. The transcendentalist ideas of God, man, and the universe were not all original, but were a combination of other philosophies and religions. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;OneRead MoreAristotle s Philosophy Of The Mind And Soul1176 Words   |  5 PagesDustin Nelson Professor Kolb Ancient Philosophy 18 Nov 2014 To understand Aristotle’s philosophy of the mind and soul, one must begin with his concepts of change, epistemology, and nature. 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He wasRead MoreEssay about Mind/Body Problem in Philosophy767 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: MIND/BODY PROBLEM IN PHILOSOPHY Mind/Body Problem in Philosophy Barbara Buchanan University of Phoenix Mind/Body Problem in Philosophy The History of Psychology plays a big role in the interest of Psychology and Philosophy today. Several theories have been developed and refined over the hundreds of years of history in Philosophy and Psychology. Included in this report will be the discussion of the realm of the mind and consciousness, the mind and consciousness in relationRead MoreDescartes Views on the Topic of Philosophy of Mind Essay755 Words   |  4 PagesDescartes Views on the Topic of Philosophy of Mind Descartes has indeeed made some notable contributions towards the philosophy of mind. It is the aim of this essay to discuss these contributions. Descartes is well known for being an avid dualist. 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The Ethics Of Plato And Aristotle - 977 Words

In this essay, I will be examining the ethics of Plato and Aristotle. I will explain the five fundamental concepts of Plato and Aristotle. I will focus on their theories on the good life as a life of justice, censorship, knowledge and the good life. I will first explain Plato’s ethics. Plato was a philosopher, both a rationalist and absolutist. According to Plato, people must be schooled to obtain certain kinds of knowledge for example mathematics, philosophy etc. The training will give them the ability to know the nature of the good life. Not many people have the mental ability to learn what the good life is. They have to be exactly like a person who has knowledge. The people who have knowledge are to be the leaders in the society. Finding the nature of the good life is an intellectual task, which is similar to discovering mathematical truths. They must develop righteous habits of behavior. Plato believes that control is necessary to stop some of the experiences by young people if they are to discover the nature of the good life. If a person can discover what is right and knows what the good life is, he or she will not go against the principles. Plato’s virtue of wisdom, courage and temperance are in operation, a supreme virtue is indication in justice. Wisdom is the feature of the intellect. Courage is the feature of the will. Temperance is the feature of the appetites. There is ‘one and only one good life for all to lead since goodness is not dependent onShow MoreRelatedExamining the Ethics of Plato and Aristotle Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay will be examining the ethics of Plato (428-347 BCE) and Aristotle (384-322 B.C). I will firstly attempt to summarise the five fundamental concepts of Plato and Aristotle before providing my own opinion and view on their ethics. 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OneRead MorePlato And Aristotle s Theories Of Utilitarianism And Kantian Ethics1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe ancient theories of Plato and Aristotle differ greatly from the contemporary theories of Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics. Plato and Aristotle focused on the importance of virtue in an individual’s life. Plato believed that purity of the soul was the most important thing in life and can be achieved by mastering the four virtues: justice, wisdom, courage, and moderation. Aristotle believed that the goal of human life was to achieve happiness, which is made possible by the cultivation of a justRead MoreAnalysis Of Plato s Republic And Aristotle s Nicomachean Ethics Essay2075 Words   |  9 Pagesphase, as the yellow brick road, leading up to reflection. Only then, true discoveries of thyself can be uncovered. Leisure, sport, and recreation provide the opportunity f or growth of mind and body. Both Plato’s Republic and Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics conceptualize this growth through games and sport. What is meant by â€Å"growth?† What is development in relation to the self? Once sufficiently developed, leisure, sport, recreation become agents for one to experience thyself in relation to others. HereRead MoreAristotle And Plato s Philosophy1688 Words   |  7 Pages) Professor Armstrong CC 5 October 2015 Aristotle and Plato are famous for their many works in the philosophical field. Specifically, the Republic by Plato and Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle seem to be their most popular works. In these works they discuss things that are needed to achieve the â€Å"good life† both on an individual level and on a societal level. There is some variance between what the two philosophers think can create the â€Å"good life.† They explore the concepts of eudaimonia, virtueRead MoreReconciling The Divergence Of The Nature Of Man Between Classic And Modern Thinkers1425 Words   |  6 Pagespeople’s property, when he could take whatever he wanted† (Plato 360c). Glaucon’s question presupposes a pessimistic attitude towards human nature, that individuals only act justly due to societal pressures and retribution. Plato grapples with this idea throughout his work, providing the contention that justice is a state of the soul and that individuals that abuse the powe r of the ring of Gyges end up suffering due to an imbalance of the soul. Plato ultimately utilizes Glaucon’s argument to frame a majorRead MoreThe Notion of the Good in the Ethical Views of Plato and Aristotle1232 Words   |  5 PagesGood in the Ethical Views of Plato and Aristotle 1. Discuss the notion of the good in the ethical views of Plato and Aristotle. State which of potentiality would lead to normal life. Plato explored such subjects as beauty, justice, and good government. Platos ethics were ethics of happiness. He based his ethical theory on the proposition that all people desire happiness although, of course, people sometimes act in ways that do not produce happiness. Plato believes that they do thisRead MorePlato s Interpretation Of Utopia1630 Words   |  7 PagesPlato and Aristotle shared many differences despite also sharing a teacher student relationship. This essay will strive to establish their understandings of reason and the role reason plays in their comprehensions of politics, differentiating between the kinds of reason and politics produced as a result. Plato is regarded as the first writer of political philosophy while Aristotle is recognised as the first political scientist. Plato’s interpretation of Utopia is founded upon the existence of threeRead MoreAnalysis Of Aristotle s The Golden Mean 1109 Words   |  5 PagesPart 3 - Aristotle - The Golden Mean Aristotle was a greek philosopher that taught and stressed many important and revolutionary ideas/philosophies. He was born in 384 BC, and was a student of Plato, as well as founded/ taught at several academies. He wrote on diverse subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, logic, politics, government, and ethics. He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in existence during his time, and he was the founder of many new fields. Aristotle was oneRead MoreForms and Causes: Philosophies of Aristotle and Plato Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle and Plato are two of the most influential philosophers in history. Plato was Socrates’ greatest student and in turn taught Aristotle. In time, Aristotle became Plato’s greatest student. Together Aristotle and Plato, along with Socrates, laid the groundwork for what we now know as Western philosophy and science. Plato, in addition to being a philosopher, wrestled at the Olympic level, is one of the classical Greek authors, mathematicians and the founder of The Academy, the first higher

Quality Street Monologue Essay Paper Example For Students

Quality Street Monologue Essay Paper A monologue from the play by J. M. Barrie NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from Quality Street. J.M. Barrie. London: Hodder Stoughton, 1913. PHOEBE: I am tired of being ladylike. I am a young woman still, and to be ladylike is not enough. I wish to be bright and thoughtless and merry. It is every woman\s birthright to be petted and admired; I wish to be petted and admired. Was I born to be confined within these four walls? Are they the world, Susan, or is there anything beyond them? I want to know. My eyes are tired because for ten years they have seen nothing but maps and desks. Ten years! Ten years ago I went to bed a young girl and I woke up with this cap on my head. It is not fair. This is not me, Susan, this is some other person, I want to be myself. If you only knew how I have rebelled at times, you would turn from me in horror. I have a picture of myself as I used to be; I sometimes look at it. I sometimes kiss it, and say, Poor girl, they have all forgotten you. But I remember. I keep it locked away in my room. Would you like to see it? I shall bring it down. My room! Oh, it is there that the Phoebe you think so p atient has the hardest fight with herself, for there I have seemed to hear and see the Phoebe of whom this is but an image in a distorted glass. I have heard her singing as if she thought she was still a girl. I have heard her weeping; perhaps it was only I who was weeping; but she seemed to cry to me, Let me out of this prison, give me back the years you have taken from me. Where is my youth? Oh, where are my pretty curls?

Analysis of Security Threats and Challenges †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Security Threats and Challenges. Answer: Introduction: In this assignment Security threats in cloud computing and its relevant preventive methods have been discussed mainly because of its widely accepted existence. Organisations are solely dependent on cloud platform these days for storage of data or developing applications. Companies just need a technology that makes data available from anywhere and keep the information secure this is made possible by cloud computing (Jakimoski., 2018). Along with the use of cloud the hackers have also increased who are trying to exploit the security of the system. It is necessary to investigate the possible threats and their techniques to maintain the security. In this report various challenges are elaborated like ensuring data protection so that real benefits of cloud computing could be used (Roman, Lopez Mambo, 2018). Cloud computing has been adopted by everyone but it involves a huge risk of data breaching in which data is unavailable for a span of time. There frae various challenges involved secur ity of cloud computing to keep it work in reality (Ashktorab2 Reza., 2018). There are various preventive tools discussed like malware tools for removing the issue of insecure access points, data loss and distributed denial of service attack. Cloud computing preventive tools ensure that authentication and confidentiality of data is maintained as they are the key mechanism for user security (Coppolino, Antonio, Mazzeo Romano, 2017). In this report a detail focus would be done on the security issues in order to provide appropriate security measures in the cloud. This could be attained by keeping the track on all the privileges, and having a proper access control of information and discovering the recovery methods in the situation of cloud failure. References Ashktorab2 ,.V.Reza.S.(2018).Security Threats and Countermeasures in Cloud Computing.Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/4ce8/91731f0dc7352d329b1f2dcc5b56cb8f6190.pd. Coppolino, L., DAntonio, S., Mazzeo, G., Romano, L. (2017). Cloud security: Emerging threats and current solutions.Computers Electrical Engineering,59, 126-140. Jakimoski.K.(2018).Security Techniques for Data Protection in Cloud Computing.Retrieved from https://www.sersc.org/journals/IJGDC/vol9_no1/5.pdf. Roman, R., Lopez, J., Mambo, M. (2018). Mobile edge computing, fog et al.: A survey and analysis of security threats and challenges.Future Generation Computer Systems,78, 680-698.

What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe

What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval EuropeA sample of a What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe is an important element in the process of preparing for an MLE or a mid-level English literature exam. The content of a typical What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe, however, is somewhat generalized.Many colleges require that students pass the MLE with a minimum grade of B-. And it's highly likely that most of those who submit applications for admission to selective universities have graduated from high school or received advanced education, or both. For such students, the purpose of the mid-level English literature exam is not so much to test ability as it is to demonstrate that they have been awarded an advanced education in their chosen subject.But in general, the MLE tests your analytical ability and your writing skills, but not your reasoning. For many students, the MLE helps to demonstrate that they are ready to pass the mid-level English literature exam. There a re a number of What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe samples that are available to help students prepare for such an exam.Many schools' staff often hand out What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe samples during the mid-year review period. They should include information about a variety of skills that are needed to succeed at this level. These include basic grammar and reading comprehension, critical thinking, and writing skills.The What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe sample should include the same things as a typical mid-level English literature exam, although the format is usually different. Some schools may use a multiple-choice format that is designed to test your ability to express complex ideas using simple language. Others may use a timed essay (where students have a finite amount of time to complete the essay) or a task-based essay.Some MLEs include tests of your writing skills, especially if you've written something in your life that you would lik e to get off your chest. In addition to presenting students with a sample of a What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe, they may provide students with a set of prompts to help them write about other topics in their lives, including their experiences with grief, religion, or depression. The objective of the sample is to show that the student has a strong understanding of how to express ideas using language, and to show that the student is willing to examine their own behavior in order to find ways to change it.It's often easiest to learn from What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe sample essays, rather than from a detailed guide to a typical mid-level English literature exam. They include an abbreviated version of the mid-level English literature exam questions that students typically take. You can use them to prepare for the exam without necessarily writing a lot of essay.A What an MLA Works Cited Page on Mideval Europe does not include instructions for solving all th e mid-level English literature exam problems. But it's a good way to get an idea of what an exam will look like, and whether you will be prepared for it.

Drugs And Crime Essays (3258 words) - , Term Papers

Drugs And Crime Drugs, Crime and Prohibition Do drugs really cause crime, or is it our governments way of controlling the communities? Many people blame drugs for every problem in our society, but is it the true evil in our society? No one person can answer that question. There are only opinions and supposed theories on this issue. We have been taught over the years that drugs were bad and that they only affected the poor and less fortunate, and turned them into crazy criminals, but this isnt true to any extent. The laws controlling and prohibiting drugs are the true culprit. Would our crime levels decline if drugs were legalized to some extent, or would we just increase the destruction of our country? Over the past fifty years, prohibition has been proven to actually increase crime and drug use instead of its intended purpose, which was to extinguish the use of illicit drugs in the United States. We constantly here of prison over crowding, and why is that? Most of our prisons are filled with drug offenders, ranging from use to distribution of supposed illicit drugs. What is our country coming to? The purpose of this research paper is to view the advantages and disadvantages of the legalization of illicit drugs in the United States. I will examine each side of this major problem plaguing our fine country from past to present. People wake everyday to their normal and monotonous life without even thinking about what they are doing. They do not realize that they have been conditioned by the government and its laws to obey and follow the supposed norm of society. What is the norms of society, and who set the guidelines for them? No one can explain how these norms came about, they only know that they must follow them, or they could get in trouble with the law. We are going into the twenty first century, and we still follow laws that were passed hundreds of years ago. Why is this? We are a highly advanced country, but we spend time, lives and money on abiding by laws that were around before the automobile was even invented. I will begin with the history of our drug control policies, which have failed miserably, and examine the drug-crime connection. Policy History Drugs have been in this country since the beginning of time in some shape or form, which was used for personal and medicinal use. Usage of marijuana has been reported to date back to the founding of Jamestown (1). George Washington himself cultivated and used to relieve the pain of an aching tooth. Opium was accessible to anyone who wanted to purchase it, as Tylenol is today. People were able to obtain these drugs at any pharmacy or grocery store that stocked them. It was socially acceptable to use and sell drugs, but the addictive properties were not known at this time in history. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the Progressive movement wanted some form of drug regulation (1). There were a few factors that affected the change in public opinion. First, the US acquired the Philippine Islands, which gave the US a legal supply of opium to supply addicts. Second, was the concern over the affects that drugs had on people. Journalist at that time, who were highly influenced by t he government, published many fictional articles about crazy drug addicts, who raped and killed because of their drug use. Third, drugs were associated with blacks and Chinese immigrants, and this caused panic through the white communities( 1 ). In the early 1900s, President Roosevelt appointed three men, Rev. Charles Brent, an Episcopal bishop, Dr. Hamilton Wright, and Charles Tenney, a China missionary, to represent America at The Hague International Opium Convention of 1912. At this conference, the modern movement for abolitioning narcotics trafficking was began with the US involvement in the Philippines (2). Although there was regulations abroad, there was no legislation protecting the United States. In 1913, New York Representative Francis Harrison introduced two bills into Congress. One was to prohibit use and importation of opium, and the other was to regulate the manufacturing of smoking opium within the US. It was recognized as a revenue bill,

Reader response essays

Reader response essays How Bill Clinton Cures Homelessness Response The news has become one of the most political phenomenas there exists today and this article of How Bill Clinton cured homelessness is the perfect example. Watching the news, sometimes I would notice when they are biased and speak in favor of a certain religion or race, and even a political party, but never would I have thought that an entire epidemic would disappear at the snap of a finger, or the inauguration of a democratic president. We all know that the media is usually liberal and most often directs news in a fashion that would exemplify liberals, but Bill Clinton curing homelessness is just really funny. The media sticks its foot into the political races all too much and this is a prime example. Goldberg enlightened the people of America with the truth with his book Bias, and enraged the news networks. I cant believe the homeless situation is built out of proportion as it is with numbers such as nationally right now, five million people are believed to be homeless...and the numbers are increasing or Nineteen million homeless by the turn of the century when the true number is at most about 300,000-600,000. I never realized that news reporters were allowed to lie so much, I had always assumed there was some kind of grounds of factual telling they were supposed to abide by. This is wrong; we need a true unbiased source of news to let America decide on its on own what it thinks. What I find most shocking is that people really believed everything without questioning it. Aside from the numbers which common people wouldnt be able to estimate, the reasons for homelessness and the way they look must have shocked people. If I were shown a happy blue-eyed family that looked clean, I would wonder why they were homeless, which I suppose was another point of the way it was covered; to develop sympathy. I understand I would never...

Asia Pacific Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Asia Pacific Business - Essay Example Here we look at the relations with the two countries post 9/11 attacks and then we try to mention how relations affect the policy makers of Australia. Before making a SWOT and PEST analysis on the whole scenario leading to US and China relations and subsequent impact on Australia, lets give a brief introduction the present day scenario of relations between US and China. Here one thing to note is that the relations between these countries post September 11 attack on World Trade Center is significant (Christensen Thomas, 2003). It is known that the relations between these countries were not in bright terms when the Bush Jr took over the office in 2000 and from 9/11 till his re-term in 2004; situation was not that great to make an impact over the bilateral relations between the countries. Later in 2002 and 2003, we see that both USA and china work closely on various international issues like North Korean Crisis and Taiwan issue (Friedberg Aaron 2002). This shift in the whole scenario and so called honeymoon period has started from September 2002 and has continued to flow even during the re-term. There is deeper understanding of socia l, political factors which we will discuss now. One thing is that it the whole honeymoon relationship between US and China can be real benefit to Australia. ... Major relationship improvement between two countriesOne important thing, which can benefit USA from the relationship, is the renewed improvement in relations between two countries. Even though Beijing has been reticent and hesitant regarding its relationship with USA post 9/11, its cooperation with USA in matters dealing with International Terrorism has been remarkable. This can be attributed by the fact that Beijing has started giving out information to Washington regarding Islamic activities, it thus initiated intelligence sharing activities, it allowed FBI to set up an office in Beijing and allowed itself to participate in rehabilitation of Afghanistan. These actions are enough to give an idea that relations between the two countries could go in the history as an important event and that these relations could help both the countries (Christensen Thomas, 2003). 2. Chinese attempts to improve the ties between the countries One significant advantage that USA has in order to gain foothold in business relationship with China is the Chinese attempt to continue friendship with USA even though the ideologies of the two countries are vastly different. China did not like the USA invasion of Iraq but at the same it did not oppose to the situation. It was Beijing long term plan to keep the friendship between the two countries.3 North Korean crises Korean Crisis actually brings these nations on the same plane as both the nations are apprehensive of nuclear program of North Korea. China because of the regional implications and USA because of the global shift which the program can cause and hence the relations between them can improve and thus Korean crisis could prove as a major strength in the whole analysis. Weakness 1 Difference in ideologies The major

Research Paper on the Key Components of a Successful Blog & the

On the Key Components of a Successful Blog & the â‚ ¬Ã…“Promotionâ‚ ¬Ã¯ ¿ ½ of a blog once it is developed - Research Paper Example However, as Sexton (336) suggests, the graphic design should not be a cause for the visitors’ distraction; and there should be something new with the blog regularly so that it would retain visitors. The voice of the blog also is an important factor because only a blog with authentic voice can retain the visitors for future sales (Webber and Webber L: 20). It means, if the blog does not have a personal feel, it will not succeed in building social networks. Furthermore, it is advisable to attach RSS feeds (Rich Site Summary) to the blog so that the visitors can know whenever a new post is published; and also the RSS feeds allow the blogger to post content from any website with RSS feed (Michie: 268). Another essential feature the blog should have is the guiding links to other sources and older posts of the same blog. The networking and the community building is the core component of a successful blog because it will open up new opportunities and relationships which will enable cross-promotion through guest blogging (Gunelius: 471). Guest blogging is an effective alternative to ease the tension on the paucity of ideas for further posts. Moreover, it would make the blog more attractive and effective as it maintains diverse posts from guest bloggers. As mentioned earlier, in order to maintain a blog reader friendly, it should be updated frequently with new posts and necessary ingredients. It is always better to avoid ghost writers for creating new posts for your blog; and in the same way if the blog allows user’s comments there should be provision to prune the unfavorable comments and spam messages (Webber and Webber L: 20). The success of a blog depends on the time and effort spent on its maintenance and promotion. It is not easy for a blog to obtain visitors since there are hundreds of sites and blogs which use the virtual space for

Case for Christ Essay Example for Free

Case for Christ Essay Dr. Jeffry McDonald was an ex-marine standing trial for killing his family. He did not think the jury would find him at fault because he had an alibi. However, his alibi did not stand up to scientific evidence. Dr. McDonald was sentenced based on blood and trace evidence that did not back up his alibi. In this case scientific evidence is introduced to prove or disprove the consistency of the gospels based on the discipline of archeology. Strobel turns to an archeological professional who has personal experience working digs in the Middle East. His name is John McRay. As Strobel seeks to stay independent in gathering the evidence he proposes a question to help him determine if McRay will exaggerate the role of archeology when it comes to determining the reliability of the gospels. McCray points out that archeology can bring forth evidence is presented to either explain or disprove evidence presented. In this chapter the search for opinions contrary to those already collected, which includes the opinions of Jesus Seminar, a self-selected group representing a small portion of New Testament scholars who believe Jesus did not say most of what is credited to him in the gospels. They also published The Five Gospels which include the traditional four plus a manuscript titled the Gospel of Thomas which was written in the second century. The author examines their claims to see if he can find reliable evidence to disprove these confusing opinions. To find answers he visits Dr. Gregory Boyd to gather evidence to the Jesus Seminars widely publicized views. Most skeptics take pride in their intellectual ability. Some people like to think that they have no beliefs. However, modern science has shown us that everyone has beliefs. Although people would like to think that everything we believe is based upon evidence and logic this cannot be. We become emotionally bound to our worldview, so much so that worldview changes occur rarely. Observational evidence became apparent that the universe was expanding. Inferring back in time revealed that the universe was merely billions of years old. The data eventually led to the Big Bang theory which is virtually universally accepted by modern day cosmologist. The idea that the universe could have gone through an infinite number of birth and deaths was shown to be false on the basis of the lack of amount of matter within the universe. So we have come to realize that the universe first began to exist 13 billion years ago. Atheists are left with a problem because their worldview requires all things have a cause to exist So logic says that the universe had a cause. Virtually all atheists say that this cause was some natural phenomenon. It is also possible that the cause of the universe was a supernatural intelligence, God. The problem gets worse for the atheist. The physical laws of the universe fall within very small ranges in order for life or matter to exist contradicting strong atheism. The prospect of finding a naturalistic cause for the origin of the universe is dreary since the laws of physics indicate that we will never be able escape the bounds of our universe to even look for the cause of the universe.

The Battle for Space in Shaw Essay -- Development Space

The Battle for Space in Shaw "Groups, classes or fractions of classes cannot constitute themselves or recognize one another as ‘subjects’ unless they generate (or produce) a space. Ideas, representation, or values which do not succeed in making their mark on space†¦.will lose all pith and become mere sign†¦Space’s investment - the production of space – has nothing incidental about it: it is a matter of life and death." Henri Lefebve, The Production of Space Lefebvre's quote speaks of the production of space as a common, inevitable Occurrence. Different groups, organizations and people, are constantly producing spaces. These groups are in existence only because they have generated a space and occupied it. Today, a battle for space is occurring throughout DC and other urban areas throughout the country in the vision of new Global, high tech cities. What is left of the existing space and the people who occupied it prior? Lefebvre suggests that these 'ideas, representation, and values' that are unsuccessful in keeping their ground eventually fade and become mere memory. The public commonly hears the word development – a fancier world that legitimizes a particular production of a space. (Class discussion 3-17-01) In mainstream society, producing a new office complex or a shopping center is thought of as an engine that generates new jobs and production that brings great amounts of money into the area. Although this model is successful, it fails to recognize other, less dramatic models of economic development that also stimulate growth and change without hurting an entire community. Development, defined by Raymond Williams "can limit and confuse virtually any generalizing description of the current world economic order, and... ... packet 320) Like McGovern suggest, this way of thinking involves a change in consciousness away from the hegemony that has taught as to think this way. The underlying truth is that development will hurt Shaw – Mayor Williams and other development officials may provide enticing information about the benefits that a Global city will have on DC’s economy. In the long run, however, this help - greater revenues from department stores and cafà ©s, tax incentives for new home buyers and businesses, and attracting the rich suburbanites who finally want a part of city life - will repave and destroy the Shaw neighborhood and eventually all of DC. As Lefebve says "the production of space has nothing incidental about it: it is a matter of life and death" and in the near future, maybe the only thing left, will be a lifeless plaque that commemorates the forgotten residents of Shaw.

Solutions of Financial Management

Chapter 1 An Overview of Financial Management Learning Objectives After reading this chapter, students should be able to: ? Identify the three main forms of business organization and describe the advantages and disadvantages of each one. ? Identify the primary goal of the management of a publicly held corporation, and understand the relationship between stock prices and shareholder value. ? Differentiate between what is meant by a stock’s intrinsic value and its market value and understand the concept of equilibrium in the market. Briefly explain three important trends that have been occurring in business that have implications for managers. ? Define business ethics and briefly explain what companies are doing in response to a renewed interest in ethics, the consequences of unethical behavior, and how employees should deal with unethical behavior. ? Briefly explain the conflicts between managers and stockholders, and explain useful motivational tools that can help to prevent t hese conflicts. Identify the key officers in the organization and briefly explain their responsibilities. Lecture Suggestions Chapter 1 covers some important concepts, and discussing them in class can be interesting. However, students can read the chapter on their own, so it can be assigned but not covered in class. We spend the first day going over the syllabus and discussing grading and other mechanics relating to the course. To the extent that time permits, we talk about the topics that will be covered in the course and the structure of the book.We also discuss briefly the fact that it is assumed that managers try to maximize stock prices, but that they may have other goals, hence that it is useful to tie executive compensation to stockholder-oriented performance measures. If time permits, we think it’s worthwhile to spend at least a full day on the chapter. If not, we ask students to read it on their own, and to keep them honest, we ask one or two questions about the mate rial on the first mid-term exam.One point we emphasize in the first class is that students should print a copy of the PowerPoint slides for each chapter covered and purchase a financial calculator immediately, and bring both to class regularly. We also put copies of the various versions of our â€Å"Brief Calculator Manual,† which in about 12 pages explains how to use the most popular calculators, in the copy center. Students will need to learn how to use their calculators immediately as time value of money concepts are covered in Chapter 2. It is important for students to grasp these concepts early as many of the remaining chapters build on the TVM concepts.We are often asked what calculator students should buy. If they already have a financial calculator that can find IRRs, we tell them that it will do, but if they do not have one, we recommend either the HP-10BII or 17BII. Please see the â€Å"Lecture Suggestions† for Chapter 2 for more on calculators. DAYS ON CHAPT ER: 1 OF 58 DAYS (50-minute periods) Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions 1-1When you purchase a stock, you expect to receive dividends plus capital gains. Not all stocks pay dividends immediately, but those corporations that do, typically pay dividends quarterly.Capital gains (losses) are received when the stock is sold. Stocks are risky, so you would not be certain that your expectations would be met—as you would if you had purchased a U. S. Treasury security, which offers a guaranteed payment every 6 months plus repayment of the purchase price when the security matures. 1-2No, the stocks of different companies are not equally risky. A company might operate in an industry that is viewed as relatively risky, such as biotechnology—where millions of dollars are spent on R&D that may never result in profit.A company might also be heavily regulated and this could be perceived as increasing its risk. Other factors that could cause a company’s stock to be viewed as re latively risky include: heavy use of debt financing vs. equity financing, stock price volatility, and so on. 1-3If investors are more confident that Company A’s cash flows will be closer to their expected value than Company B’s cash flows, then investors will drive the stock price up for Company A. Consequently, Company A will have a higher stock price than Company B. -4No, all corporate projects are not equally risky. A firm’s investment decisions have a significant impact on the riskiness of the stock. For example, the types of assets a company chooses to invest in can impact the stock’s risk—such as capital intensive vs. labor intensive, specialized assets vs. general (multipurpose) assets—and how they choose to finance those assets can also impact risk. 1-5A firm’s intrinsic value is an estimate of a stock’s â€Å"true† value based on accurate risk and return data. It can be estimated but not measured precisely.A sto ck’s current price is its market price—the value based on perceived but possibly incorrect information as seen by the marginal investor. From these definitions, you can see that a stock’s â€Å"true long-run value† is more closely related to its intrinsic value rather than its current price. 1-6Equilibrium is the situation where the actual market price equals the intrinsic value, so investors are indifferent between buying or selling a stock. If a stock is in equilibrium then there is no fundamental imbalance, hence no pressure for a change in the stock’s price.At any given time, most stocks are reasonably close to their intrinsic values and thus are at or close to equilibrium. However, at times stock prices and equilibrium values are different, so stocks can be temporarily undervalued or overvalued. 1-7If the three intrinsic value estimates for Stock X were different, I would have the most confidence in Company X’s CFO’s estimate. In trinsic values are strictly estimates, and different analysts with different data and different views of the future will form different estimates of the intrinsic value for any given stock.However, a firm’s managers have the best information about the company’s future prospects, so managers’ estimates of intrinsic value are generally better than the estimates of outside investors. 1-8If a stock’s market price and intrinsic value are equal, then the stock is in equilibrium and there is no pressure (buying/selling) to change the stock’s price. So, theoretically, it is better that the two be equal; however, intrinsic value is a long-run concept. Management’s goal should be to maximize the firm’s intrinsic value, not its current price.So, maximizing the intrinsic value will maximize the average price over the long run but not necessarily the current price at each point in time. So, stockholders in general would probably expect the firmâ⠂¬â„¢s market price to be under the intrinsic value—realizing that if management is doing its job that current price at any point in time would not necessarily be maximized. However, the CEO would prefer that the market price be high—since it is the current price that he will receive when exercising his stock options.In addition, he will be retiring after exercising those options, so there will be no repercussions to him (with respect to his job) if the market price drops—unless he did something illegal during his tenure as CEO. 1-9The board of directors should set CEO compensation dependent on how well the firm performs. The compensation package should be sufficient to attract and retain the CEO but not go beyond what is needed. Compensation should be structured so that the CEO is rewarded on the basis of the stock’s performance over the long run, not the stock’s price on an option exercise date.This means that options (or direct stock awards) sho uld be phased in over a number of years so the CEO will have an incentive to keep the stock price high over time. If the intrinsic value could be measured in an objective and verifiable manner, then performance pay could be based on changes in intrinsic value. However, it is easier to measure the growth rate in reported profits than the intrinsic value, although reported profits can be manipulated through aggressive accounting procedures and intrinsic value cannot be manipulated.Since intrinsic value is not observable, compensation must be based on the stock’s market price—but the price used should be an average over time rather than on a spot date. 1-10The three principal forms of business organization are sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. The advantages of the first two include the ease and low cost of formation. The advantages of the corporation include limited liability, indefinite life, ease of ownership transfer, and access to capital markets.The disadvantages of a sole proprietorship are (1) difficulty in obtaining large sums of capital; (2) unlimited personal liability for business debts; and (3) limited life. The disadvantages of a partnership are (1) unlimited liability, (2) limited life, (3) difficulty of transferring ownership, and (4) difficulty of raising large amounts of capital. The disadvantages of a corporation are (1) double taxation of earnings and (2) setting up a corporation and filing required state and federal reports, which are complex and time-consuming. 1-11Stockholder wealth maximization is a long-run goal.Companies, and consequently the stockholders, prosper by management making decisions that will produce long-term earnings increases. Actions that are continually shortsighted often â€Å"catch up† with a firm and, as a result, it may find itself unable to compete effectively against its competitors. There has been much criticism in recent years that U. S. firms are too short-run profit-oriente d. A prime example is the U. S. auto industry, which has been accused of continuing to build large â€Å"gas guzzler† automobiles because they had higher profit margins rather than retooling for smaller, more fuel-efficient models. -12Useful motivational tools that will aid in aligning stockholders’ and management’s interests include: (1) reasonable compensation packages, (2) direct intervention by shareholders, including firing managers who don’t perform well, and (3) the threat of takeover. The compensation package should be sufficient to attract and retain able managers but not go beyond what is needed. Also, compensation packages should be structured so that managers are rewarded on the basis of the stock’s performance over the long run, not the stock’s price on an option exercise date.This means that options (or direct stock awards) should be phased in over a number of years so managers will have an incentive to keep the stock price hig h over time. Since intrinsic value is not observable, compensation must be based on the stock’s market price—but the price used should be an average over time rather than on a spot date. Stockholders can intervene directly with managers. Today, the majority of stock is owned by institutional investors and these institutional money managers have the clout to exercise considerable influence over firms’ operations.First, they can talk with managers and make suggestions about how the business should be run. In effect, these institutional investors act as lobbyists for the body of stockholders. Second, any shareholder who has owned $2,000 of a company’s stock for one year can sponsor a proposal that must be voted on at the annual stockholders’ meeting, even if management opposes the proposal. Although shareholder-sponsored proposals are non-binding, the results of such votes are clearly heard by top management. If a firm’s stock is undervalued, t hen corporate raiders will see it to be a bargain and will attempt to capture the firm in a hostile takeover.If the raid is successful, the target’s executives will almost certainly be fired. This situation gives managers a strong incentive to take actions to maximize their stock’s price. 1-13a. Corporate philanthropy is always a sticky issue, but it can be justified in terms of helping to create a more attractive community that will make it easier to hire a productive work force. This corporate philanthropy could be received by stockholders negatively, especially those stockholders not living in its headquarters city.Stockholders are interested in actions that maximize share price, and if competing firms are not making similar contributions, the â€Å"cost† of this philanthropy has to be borne by someone–the stockholders. Thus, stock price could decrease. b. Companies must make investments in the current period in order to generate future cash flows. Sto ckholders should be aware of this, and assuming a correct analysis has been performed, they should react positively to the decision. The Mexican plant is in this category. Capital budgeting is covered in depth in Part 4 of the text.Assuming that the correct capital budgeting analysis has been made, the stock price should increase in the future. c. U. S. Treasury bonds are considered safe investments, while common stock are far more risky. If the company were to switch the emergency funds from Treasury bonds to stocks, stockholders should see this as increasing the firm’s risk because stock returns are not guaranteed—sometimes they go up and sometimes they go down. The firm might need the funds when the prices of their investments were low and not have the needed emergency funds.Consequently, the firm’s stock price would probably fall. 1-14a. No, TIAA-CREF is not an ordinary shareholder. Because it is one of the largest institutional shareholders in the United St ates and it controls nearly $280 billion in pension funds, its voice carries a lot of weight. This â€Å"shareholder† in effect consists of many individual shareholders whose pensions are invested with this group. b. The owners of TIAA-CREF are the individual teachers whose pensions are invested with this group. c. For TIAA-CREF to be effective in wielding its weight, it must act as a coordinated unit.In order to do this, the fund’s managers should solicit from the individual shareholders their â€Å"votes† on the fund’s practices, and from those â€Å"votes† act on the majority’s wishes. In so doing, the individual teachers whose pensions are invested in the fund have in effect determined the fund’s voting practices. 1-15Earnings per share in the current year will decline due to the cost of the investment made in the current year and no significant performance impact in the short run. However, the company’s stock price should increase due to the significant cost savings expected in the future. -16The board of directors should set CEO compensation dependent on how well the firm performs. The compensation package should be sufficient to attract and retain the CEO but not go beyond what is needed. Compensation should be structured so that the CEO is rewarded on the basis of the stock’s performance over the long run, not the stock’s price on an option exercise date. This means that options (or direct stock awards) should be phased in over a number of years so the CEO will have an incentive to keep the stock price high over time.If the intrinsic value could be measured in an objective and verifiable manner, then performance pay could be based on changes in intrinsic value. Since intrinsic value is not observable, compensation must be based on the stock’s market price—but the price used should be an average over time rather than on a spot date. The board should probably set the CEOà ¢â‚¬â„¢s compensation as a mix between a fixed salary and stock options. The vice president of Company X’s actions would be different than if he were CEO of some other company. 17.Setting the compensation policy for three division managers would be different than setting the compensation policy for a CEO because performance of each of these managers could be more easily observed. For a CEO an award based on stock price performance makes sense, while in this situation it probably doesn’t make sense. Each of the managers could still be given stock awards; however, rather than the award being based on stock price it could be determined from some observable measure like increased gas output, oil output, etc. Answers to End-of-Chapter ProblemsWe present here some intermediate steps and final answers to end-of-chapter problems. Please note that your answer may differ slightly from ours due to rounding differences. Also, although we hope not, some of the problems may have mor e than one correct solution, depending on what assumptions are made in working the problem. Finally, many of the problems involve some verbal discussion as well as numerical calculations; this verbal material is not presented here. 2-1FV5 = $16,105. 10. 2-2PV = $1,292. 10. 2-3I/YR = 8. 01%. 2-4N = 11. 01 years. 2-5N = 11 years. 2-6FVA5 = $1,725. 22; FVA5 Due = $1,845. 99. 2-7PV = $923. 98; FV = $1,466. 4. 2-8PMT = $444. 89; EAR = 12. 6825%. 2-9a. $530. d. $445. 2-10a. $895. 42. b. $1,552. 92. c. $279. 20. d. $499. 99; $867. 13. 2-11a. 14. 87%. 2-12b. 7%. c. 9%. d. 15%. 2-13a. 10. 24 years. c. 4. 19 years. 2-14a. $6,374. 97. d(1). $7,012. 47. 2-15a. $2,457. 83. c. $2,000. d(1). $2,703. 61. 2-16PV7% = $1,428. 57; PV14% = $714. 29. 2-179%. 2-18a. Stream A: $1,251. 25. 2-19a. $423,504. 48. b. $681,537. 69. c(2). $84,550. 80. 2-20Contract 2; PV = $10,717,847. 14. 2-21a. 30-year payment plan; PV = $68,249,727. b. 10-year payment plan; PV = $63,745,773. c. Lump sum; PV = $61,000,000. 2-22a . $802. 43. c. $984. 88. 2-23a. $881. 7. b. $895. 42. c. $903. 06. d. $908. 35. e. $910. 97. 2-24a. $279. 20. b. $276. 84. c. $443. 72. 2-25a. $5,272. 32. b. $5,374. 07. 2-26$17,290. 89; $19,734. 26. 2-27a. Bank A = 4%. 2-28INOM = 7. 8771%. 2-293%. 2-30a. E = 63. 74 yrs. ; K = 41. 04 yrs. b. $35,825. 33. 2-31a. $35,459. 51. b. $27,232. 49. 2-32$496. 11. 2-33$17,659. 50. 2-34a. PMT = $10,052. 87. b. Yr 3: Int/Pymt = 9. 09%; Princ/Pymt = 90. 91%. 2-35a. PMT = $34,294. 65. b. PMT = $7,252. 78. c. Balloon PMT = $94,189. 69. 2-36a. $5,308. 12. b. $4,877. 09. 2-37a. 50 mos. b. 13 mos. c. $112. 38. 2-38$309,015. 2-39$36,950. 2-40$9,385. 3-1$1,000,000. 3-2$2,500,000. -3$3,600,000. 3-4$20,000,000. 3-5a, possibly c. 3-6$89,100,000. 3-7a. $50,000. b. $115,000. 3-8NI = $450,000; NCF = $650,000; OCF = $650,000. 3-910,500,000 shares. 3-10a. $2,400,000,000. b. $4,500,000,000. c. $5,400,000,000. d. $1,100,000,000. 3-11$12,681,482. 3-12a. $592 million. b. RE04 = $1,374 million. c. $1,600 million. d. $15 million. e. $620 million. 3-13a. $90,000,000. b. NOWC05 = $192,000,000; NOWC04 = $210,000,000. c. OC04 = $460,000,000; OC05 = $492,000,000. d. FCF = $58,000,000. 3-14a. $2,400,000. b. NI = 0; NCF = $3,000,000. c. NI = $1,350,000; NCF = $2,100,000. 4-1AR = $800,000. 4-2D/A = 58. 33%. 4-3TATO = 5; EM = 1. . 4-4M/B = 4. 2667. 4-5P/E = 12. 0. 4-6ROE = 8%. 4-7$112,500. 4-815. 31%. 4-9$142. 50. 4-10NI/S = 2%; D/A = 40%. 4-112. 9867. 4-12TIE = 2. 25. 4-13TIE = 3. 86. 4-14ROE = 23. 1%. 4-15(ROE = +5. 54%; QR = 1. 2. 4-167. 2%. 4-17a. 4-186. 0. 4-19$262,500. 4-20$405,682. 4-21$50. 4-22A/P = $90,000; Inv = $90,000; FA = $138,000. 4-23a. Current ratio = 1. 98; DSO = 76. 3 days; Total assets turnover = 1. 73; Debt ratio = 61. 9%. 4-24a. TIE = 11; EBITDA coverage = 9. 46; Profit margin = 3. 40%; ROE = 8. 57%. 6-1b. Upward sloping yield curve. c. Inflation expected to increase. d. Borrow long term. 6-22. 25%. 6-36%; 6. 33%. 6-41. 5%. 6-50. %. 6-621. 8%. 6-75. 5%. 6-88. 5%. 6-96. 8%. 6-106. 0 %. 6-111. 55%. 6-120. 35%. 6-131. 775%. 6-14a. r1 in Year 2 = 6%. b. I1 = 2%; I2 = 5%. 6-15r1 in Year 2 = 9%; I2 = 7%. 6-1614%. 6-177. 2%. 6-18a. r1 = 9. 20%; r5 = 7. 20%. 6-19a. 8. 20%. b. 10. 20%. c. r5 = 10. 70%. 7-1$935. 82. 7-2a. 7. 11%. b. 7. 22%. c. $988. 46. 7-3$1,028. 60. 7-4YTM = 6. 62%; YTC = 6. 49%; most likely yield = 6. 49%. 7-5a. VL at 5% = $1,518. 98; VL at 8% = $1,171. 19; VL at 12% = $863. 78. 7-6a. C0 = $1,012. 79; Z0 = $693. 04; C1 = $1,010. 02; Z1 = $759. 57; C2 = $1,006. 98; Z2 = $832. 49; C3 = $1,003. 65; Z3 = $912. 41; C4 = $1,000. 00; Z4 = $1,000. 00. -710-year, 10% coupon = 6. 75%; 10-year zero = 9. 75%; 5-year zero = 4. 76%; 30-year zero = 32. 19%; $100 perpetuity = 14. 29%. 7-815. 03%. 7-9a. YTM at $829 ? 15%. 7-10a. YTM = 9. 69%. b. CY = 8. 875%; CGY = 0. 816%. 7-11a. YTM = 10. 37%; YTC = 10. 15%; YTC. b. 10. 91%. c. -0. 54% (based on YTM); -0. 76% (based on YTC). 7-12a. YTM = 8%; YTC = 6. 1%. 7-13VB = $974. 42; YTM = 8. 64%. 7-1410. 78%. 7-15a. 5 years. b. YTC = 6. 47%. 7-16$987. 87. 7-17$1,067. 95. 7-188. 88%. 7-19a. ABS = 6. 3%; F = 8%. 7-20a. 8. 35%. b. 8. 13%. 8-1[pic] = 11. 40%; ( = 26. 69%; CV = 2. 34. 8-2bp = 1. 12. 8-3r = 10. 9%. 8-4rM = 11%; r = 12. 2%. 8-5a. = 1. b. r = 13%. 8-6a. [pic]Y = 14%. b. (X = 12. 20%. 8-7bp = 0. 7625; rp = 12. 1%. 8-8b = 1. 33. 8-94. 5%. 8-104. 2%. 8-11r = 17. 05%. 8-12rM – rRF = 4. 375%. 8-13a. ri = 15. 5%. b(1). rM = 15%; ri = 16. 5%. c(1). ri = 18. 1%. 8-14bN = 1. 16. 8-157. 2%. 8-16rp = 11. 75%. 8-171. 7275. 8-18a. $0. 5 million. d(2). 15%. 8-19a. CVX = 3. 5; CVY = 2. 0. c. rX = 10. 5%; rY = 12%. d. Stock Y. e. rp = 10. 875%. 8-20a. rA = 11. 30%. c. (A = 20. 8%; (p = 20. 1%. 8-21a. ri = 6% + (5%)bi. b. 15%. c. Indifference rate = 16%. 9-1D1 = $1. 6050; D3 = $1. 8376; D5 = $2. 0259. 9-2[pic] = $6. 25. 9-3[pic] = $21. 20; rs = 11. 30%. 9-4b. $37. 80. c. 34. 09. 9-5$60. 9-6rp = 8. 33%. 9-7a. 13. 33%. b. 10%. c. 8%. d. 5. 71%. 9-8a. $125. b. $83. 33. 9-9a. 10%. b. 10. 38%. 9-10$23. 75. 9 -11$13. 11. 9-12a(1). $9. 50. a(2). $13. 33. a(3). $21. 00. a(4). $44. 00. b(1). Undefined. b(2). -$48. 00, which is nonsense. 9-13a. rC = 8. 6%; rD = 5%. b. No; [pic] = $32. 61. 9-14[pic] = $27. 32. 9-15a. P0 = $32. 14. b. P0 = $37. 50. c. P0 = $50. 00. d. P0 = $78. 28. 9-16P0 = $19. 89. 9-17a. $713. 33 million. b. $527. 89 million. c. $42. 79. 9-186. 25%. 9-19a. $2. 10; $2. 205; $2. 31525. b. PV = $5. 29. c. $24. 72. d. $30. 00. e. $30. 00 9-20a. P0 = $54. 11; D1/P0 = 3. 55%; CGY = 6. 45%. 9-21a. 24,112,308. b. $321,000,000. c. $228,113,612. d. $16. 81. 9-22$35. 00. 9-23a. New price = $44. 26. b. beta = 0. 5107. 9-24a. $2. 01; $2. 31; $2. 66; $3. 06; $3. 52. b. P0 = $39. 43. c. D1/P0 2006 = 5. 10%; CGY2006 = 6. 9%; D1/P0 2011 = 7. 00%; CGY2011 = 5%. 10-1rd(1 – T) = 7. 80%. 10-2rp = 8%. 10-3rs = 13%. 10-4rs = 15%; re = 16. 11%. 10-5Projects A through E should be accepted. 10-6a. rs = 16. 3%. b. rs = 15. 4%. c. rs = 16%. d. rs AVG = 15. 9%. 10-7a. rs = 14. 83%. b. F = 10%. c. re = 15. 81%. 10-8rs = 16. 51%; WACC = 12. 79%. 10-9WACC = 12. 72%. 10-10WACC = 11. 4%. 10-11wd = 20%. 10-12a. rs = 14. 40%. b. WACC = 10. 62%. c.Project A. 10-13re = 17. 26%. 10-1411. 94%. 10-15a. g = 9. 10%. b. Payout = 50. 39%. 10-16a. g = 8%. b. D1 = $2. 81. c. rs = 15. 81%. 10-17a. g = 3%. b. EPS1 = $5. 562. 10-18a. rd = 7%; rp = 10. 20%; rs = 15. 72%. b. WACC = 13. 86%. c. Projects 1 and 2 will be accepted. 10-19a. Projects A, C, E, F, and H should be accepted. b. Projects A, F, and H should be accepted; $12 million. c. Projects A, C, F, and H should be accepted; $15 million. 10-20a. rd(1 – T) = 5. 4%; rs = 14. 6%. b. WACC = 10. 92%. 11-1NPV = $7,486. 68. 11-2IRR = 16%. 11-3MIRR = 13. 89%. 11-44. 34 years. 11-5DPP = 6. 51 years. 11-6a. 5%: NPVA = $3. 52; NPVB = $2. 87. 0%: NPVA = $0. 58; NPVB = $1. 04. 15%: NPVA = -$1. 91; NPVB = -$0. 55. b. IRRA = 11. 10%; IRRB = 13. 18%. c. 5%: Choose A; 10%: Choose B; 15%: Do not choose either one. 11-7a. NPVA = $866. 16; IRRA = 19. 86%; MIRRA = 17. 12%; PaybackA = 3 yrs; Discounted Payback = 4. 17 yrs; NPVB = $1,225. 25; IRRB = 16. 80%; MIRRB = 15. 51%; PaybackB = 3. 21 yrs; Discounted Payback = 4. 58 yrs. 11-8a. Without mitigation: NPV = $12. 10 million; With mitigation: NPV = $5. 70 million. 11-9a. Without mitigation: NPV = $15. 95 million; With mitigation: NPV = -$11. 25 million. 11-10Project A; NPVA = $30. 16. 11-11NPVS = $448. 86; NPVL = $607. 0; Accept Project L. 11-12IRRL = 11. 74%. 11-13MIRRX = 13. 59%. 11-14a. HCC; PV of costs = -$805,009. 87. c. HCC; PV of costs = -$767,607. 75. LCC; PV of costs = -$686,627. 14. 11-15a. IRRA = 20%; IRRB = 16. 7%; Crossover rate ? 16%. 11-16a. NPVA = $14,486,808; NPVB = $11,156,893; IRRA = 15. 03%; IRRB = 22. 26%. b. Crossover rate ? 12%. 11-17a. NPVA = $200. 41; NPVB = $145. 93. b. IRRA = 18. 1%; IRRB = 24. 0%. c. MIRRA = 15. 10%; MIRRB = 17. 03%. f. MIRRA = 18. 05%; MIRRB = 20. 48%. 11-18a. No; PVOld = -$89,910. 08; PVNew = -$94,611. 45. b. $2,470. 80. c. 22. 94%. 11-19b. NPV10% = -$99,174; NPV20% = $500,000. d. 9. 54%; 22. 7%. 11-20$10,239. 20. 11-21MIRR = 10. 93%. 11-22$250. 01. 12-1a. $12,000,000. 12-2a. $2,600,000. 12-3$4,600,000. 12-4b. Accelerated method; $12,781. 64. 12-5E(NPV) = $3,000,000; (NPV = $23. 622 million; CV = 7. 874. 12-6a. -$178,000. b. $52,440; $60,600; $40,200. c. $48,760. d. NPV = -$19,549; Do not purchase. 12-7b. -$126,000. c. $42,518; $47,579; $34,926. d. $50,702. e. NPV = $10,841; Purchase. 12-8a. Expected CFA = $6,750; Expected CFB = $7,650; CVA = 0. 0703. b. NPVA = $10,036; NPVB = $11,624. 12-9NPV5 = $2,211; NPV4 = -$2,081; NPV8 = $13,329. 12-10a. NPV = $37,035. 13. b. +20%: $77,975. 63; -20%: NPV = -$3,905. 37. c.E(NPV) = $34,800. 21; (NPV = $35,967. 84; CV = 1. 03. 13-1a. E(NPV) = -$446,998. 50. b. E(NPV) = $2,806,803. 16. c. $3,253,801. 66. 13-2a. Project B; NPVB = $2,679. 46. b. Project A; NPVA = $3,773. 65. c. Project A; EAAA = $1,190. 48. 13-3NPV190-3 = $20,070; NPV360-6 = $22,256. 13-4A; EAAA = $1,407. 85. 1 3-5Projects A, B, C, and D; Optimal capital budget = $3,900000. 13-6NPVA = $9. 93 million. 13-7Machine B; Extended NPVB = $3. 67 million. 13-8EAAY = $7,433. 12. 13-9Wait; NPV = $2,212,964. 13-10No, NPV3 = $1,307. 29. 13-11a. Accept A, B, C, D, and E; Capital budget = $5,250,000. b. Accept A, B, D, and E; Capital budget = $4,000,000. c.Accept B, C, D, E, F, and G; Capital budget = $6,000,000. 13-12a. NPV = $4. 6795 million. b. No, NPV = $3. 2083 million. c. 0. 13-13a. NPV = -$2,113,481. 31. b. NPV = $1,973,037. 39. c. E(NPV) = -$70,221. 96. d. E(NPV) = $832,947. 27. e. $1,116,071. 43. 14-1QBE = 500,000. 14-230% debt and 70% equity. 14-3a. E(EPSC) = $5. 10. 14-4bU = 1. 0435. 14-5a. ROELL = 14. 6%; ROEHL = 16. 8%. b. ROELL = 16. 5%. 14-6a(1). -$60,000. b. QBE = 14,000. 14-7No leverage: ROE = 10. 5%; ( = 5. 4%; CV = 0. 51; 60% leverage: ROE = 13. 7%; ( = 13. 5%; CV = 0. 99. 14-8rs = 17%. 14-9a. P0 = $25. b. P0 = $25. 81. 14-10a. FCA = $80,000; VA = $4. 80/unit; PA = $8. 0/unit. 14-11a. 10. 96%. b. 1. 25. c. 1. 086957. d. 14. 13%. e. 10. 76%. 14-12a. EPSOld = $2. 04; New: EPSD = $4. 74; EPSS = $3. 27. b. 339,750 units. c. QNew, Debt = 272,250 units. 14-13Debt used: E(EPS) = $5. 78; (EPS = $1. 05; E(TIE) = 3. 49(. Stock used: E(EPS) = $5. 51; (EPS = $0. 85; E(TIE) = 6. 00(. 15-1Payout = 55%. 15-2P0 = $60. 15-3P0 = $40. 15-4D0 = $3. 44. 15-5$3,250,000. 15-6Payout = 31. 39%. 15-7a. $1. 44. b. 3%. c. $1. 20. d. 33? %. 15-8a. 12%. b. 18%. c. 6%; 18%. d. 6%. e. 28,800 new shares; $0. 13 per share. 15-9a(1). $3,960,000. a(2). $4,800,000. a(3). $9,360,000. a(4). Regular = $3,960,000; Extra = $5,400,000. c. 5%. d. 15%. 16-1103. 41 days; 86. 99 days; $400,000; $32,000. 16-273 days; 30 days; $1,178,082. 16-3$1,205,479; 20. 5%; 22. 4%; 10. 47%; bank debt. 16-4a. 83 days. b. $356,250. c. 4. 87(. 16-5a. DSO = 28 days. b. A/R = $70,000. 16-6a. 32 days. b. $288,000. c. $45,000. d(1). 30. d(2). $378,000. 16-7a. 57. 33 days. b(1). 2(. b(2). 12%. c(1). 46. 5 days. c(2). 2. 1262(. c(3 ). 12. 76%. 16-8a. ROET = 11. 75%; ROEM = 10. 80%; ROER = 9. 16%. 16-9b. $420,000. c. $35,000. 16-10a. Oct. loan = $22,800. 17-1AFN = $410,000. 17-2AFN = $610,000. 17-3AFN = $200,000. 17-4a. $133. 50 million. b. 39. 06%. 17-5a. $5,555,555,556. b. 30. 6%. c. $13,600,000. 7-6$67 million; 5. 01. 17-7$156 million. 17-8a. $480,000. b. $18,750. 17-9? S = $68,965. 52. 17-10$34. 338 million; 34. 97 ? 35 days. 17-11$19. 10625 million; 6. 0451. 17-12a. $2,500,000,000. b. 24%. c. $24,000,000. 17-13a. AFN = $128,783. b. 3. 45%. 17-14a. 33%. b. AFN = $2,549. c. ROE = 13. 06%. 18-1a. $5. 00. b. $2. 00. 18-2$27. 00; $37. 00. 18-3a, b, and c. 18-4$1. 82. 18-5rd = 5. 95%; $91,236. 18-6b. Futures = +$4,180,346; Bond = -$2,203,701; Net = $1,976,645. 18-7a. $3. 06; $4. 29. b. 16. 67%, 61. 46%; -100%. c. -16. 67%; -100%; 63. 40%. d. No; $30. 00 and $27. 00. e. Yes; $37. 50 and $37. 50. 19-10. 6667 pound per dollar. 9-227. 2436 yen per shekel. 19-31 yen = $0. 00907. 19-41 euro = $0. 68966 or $1 = 1. 45 e uros. 19-5 |Dollars per 1,000 Units of: | |Pounds |Can. Dollars |Euros |Yen |Pesos |Kronas | |$1,747. 10 |$820. 60 |$1,206. 90 |$8. 97 |$93. 10 |$128. 10 | 19-76. 49351 krones. 19-815 kronas per pound. 19-10rNOM-U. S. = 4. 6%. 19-11117 pesos. 19-12b. $1. 6488. 19-13a. $2,772,003. b. $2,777,585. c. $3,333,333. 19-14+$250,000. 19-15b. $19,865. 19-16$468,837,209. 19-17a. $52. 63; 20%. b. 1. 5785 SF per U. S. $. c. 41. 54 Swiss francs; 16. 92%. 20-155. 6%; 50%. 20-2$196. 6. 20-3CR = 25 shares. 20-4a. D/AJ-H = 50%; D/AM-E = 67%. 20-5a. PV cost of leasing = -$954,639; Lease equipment. 20-6a. EV = -$3; EV = $0; EV = $4; EV = $49. d. 9%; $90. 20-8a. PV cost of owning = -$185,112; PV cost of leasing = -$187,534; Purchase loom. 20-9b. Percent ownership: Original = 80%; Plan 1 = 53%; Plans 2 and 3 = 57%. c. EPS0 = $0. 48; EPS1 = $0. 60; EPS2 = $0. 64; EPS3 = $0. 86. d. D/A0 = 73%; D/A1 = 13%; D/A2 = 13%; D/A3 = 48%. 21-1P0 = $37. 04. 21-2P0 = $43. 48. 21-3$37. 04 to $43. 48. 21-4a. 16. 8%. b. V = $14. 93 million. 21-5NPV = -$6,747. 71; Do not purchase. 21-6a. 14%. b. TV = $1,143. 4; V = $877. 2.